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GÚOLAÚM
SARVAR
b.
Mofti
GÚola@m
Moháammad
LAÚHURI
(b.
Lahore,
1244/1828;
d.
near
Medina,
24
D¨u'l-háejja
1307/14
August
1890),
historian,
hagiographer,
and
poet
in
Persian
and
Urdu.
He
belonged
to
the
Mofti
family
of
Lahore,
who
traced
their
lineage
to
Shaikh
Baha@÷-al-Din
Zakariya@
Molta@ni
(d.
661/1262),
the
founder
of
the
Sohravardi
Sufi
order
in
India
and
the
spiritual
mentor
of
Fakòr-al-Din
¿Era@qi
(q.v.).
The
family
had
taken
up
residence
in
Lahore
in
the
15th
century.
The
contemporary
historian
Kanhayya@
La@l
Hendi
(d.
1888)
praises
GÚola@m
Sarvar
and
his
family
for
their
excellent
virtues
(Kanhayya@
La@l,
pp.
76,
77,
79).
GÚola@m
Sarvar
received
his
elementary
education
and
early
training
in
medicine
from
his
father
(d.
1276/1859)
and
then
joined
the
teaching
circle
of
Mawlawi
GÚola@m-Alla@h
La@huri
for
advanced
studies
(Ha@æemi,
p.
101).
His
first
employment
was
as
the
supervisor
of
Sarda@r
Baghava@n
Sing's
property
in
Lahore.
In
1882,
he
was
hired
as
a
secretary
in
the
maintenance
department
(eda@ra-ye
ta¿mira@t)
of
Punjab
(Kanhayya@
La@l,
p.
77;
Ha@æemi,
p.
101),
but
he
quit
his
job
a
short
while
later.
G.
W.
Leitner
(1832-99),
the
registrar
of
the
Punjab
University
in
Lahore,
offered
him
an
honorary
research
fellowship
at
the
university,
but
he
declined.
In
1884,
Sir
Sayyed
Ahámad
Khan
(d.
1898)
came
to
Lahore
in
order
to
raise
funds
for
the
establishment
of
Aligarh
College.
He
offered
GÚola@m
Sarvar
an
assignment
for
the
purpose,
but
he
refused;
in
fact,
he
never
liked
to
be
involved
in
any
literary
or
cultural
event
that
was
sponsored
by
the
government.
All
his
life
he
preferred
to
remain
an
independent,
private
scholar
in
order
to
concentrate
solely
on
his
own
work
(Ha@æemi,
pp.
108-11).
He
died
in
1307/1890
on
his
way
to
Medina
after
a
pilgrimage
to
Mecca
(Ha@æemi,
p.
103).
GÚola@m
Sarvar
was
survived
by
four
sons,
all
of
whom
wrote
poetry
in
Persian
and
Urdu;
the
most
famous
among
them
was
Mofti
GÚola@m
S®afdar
(d.
1923),
who
collected
his
father's
letters
in
a
book
called
Enæa@-ye
sáafdari
(Lahore,
1287/1870;
Ha@æemi,
pp.
145-46).
Kanhayya@
La@l
Hendi,
the
author
of
Ta@rikò-e
La@hur
and
Ta@rikò-e
Panja@b,
was
a
student
of
GÚola@m
Sarvar
and
benefited
from
his
guidance
while
conducting
research
for
his
own
works.
He
is
particularly
indebted
to
GÚola@m
Sarvar
for
the
information
found
in
his
Ta@rikò-e
La@hur
on
the
mosques
of
Lahore
(Kanhayya@
La@l,
p.
459).
GÚola@m
Sarvar
is
the
author
of
twenty-one
works
in
Persian,
Urdu,
and
Punjabi,
covering
a
variety
of
subjects.
His
major
works
include:
1)
K¨azinat
al-asáfia@÷
(comp.
1280-81/1863-64),
a
Persian
dictionary
of
biographical
notices
of
1,065
saints,
especially
those
of
the
subcontinent,
divided
into
seven
chapters
(makòzan).
It
contains
some
errors,
particularly
concerning
dates,
and
has
to
be
used
with
caution
(Z®ohur-al-Din
Ahámad,
V,
p.
13).
Nevertheless,
it
became
very
popular
despite
its
shortcomings
and
was
used
by
almost
all
authors
of
later
biographical
dictionaries
(Mojaddedi,
introd.
to
H®adiqat
al-awlia@÷,
p.
18).
It
was
first
published
in
two
volumes
in
Lahore
in
1284/1867-68.
An
Urdu
translation
by
Mahámud
¿AÚlem
Qorayæi
and
Eqba@l
Ahámad
Fa@ruqi
came
out
in
1990
(3
vols.,
Lahore).
2)
Ganjina-ye
sarvari
or
Ganj-e
ta@rikò,
a
collection
of
verse
chronograms
in
Persian
by
the
author
on
the
birth
of
great
men
of
Islam
from
the
Prophet
to
the
author's
own
lifetime
(Lahore,
1285/1868).
3)
Ta@rikò-e
makòzan-e
Panja@b,
a
detailed
book
in
Urdu
on
the
history,
geography,
and
monuments
of
Punjab
from
the
time
of
Ghaznavid
rule
to
the
late
19th
century
(Lahore,
1285/1868-9).
4)
Baha@resta@n-e
ta@rikò,
better
known
as
Golza@r-e
æa@hi,
a
comprehensive
Urdu
history
of
the
Indian,
Muslim,
and
British
rulers
of
India
from
the
very
beginning
to
the
second
half
of
the
19th
century
(Lucknow,
1290/1873;
2nd
revised
and
enlarged
ed.,
Lucknow,
1290/1873).
5)
Zobdat
al-log@a@t
or
Log@a@t-e
sarvari,
an
Urdu
dictionary
of
Arabic,
Persian
and
Turkish
terms
(Lucknow,
1316/1898).
6)
H®adiqat
al-awlia@÷,
an
Urdu
biographical
dictionary
of
the
lives
of
244
male
and
female
mystics
of
Punjab
from
the
Ghaznavid
period
to
the
lifetime
of
the
author.
7)
Ja@me¿
al-log@a@t
(comp.
1307-8/1890),
a
comprehensive
Urdu
dictionary
of
Arabic,
Persian,
Turkish,
and
Urdu
vocabulary,
idioms,
and
conversational
phrases
(2
vols.,
Lucknow,
1309/1892).
8)
Madinat
al-awlia@÷,
a
general
biograpical
dictionary
of
mystics,
in
fact
an
Urdu
version
of
K¨azinat
al-asáfia@÷
(2
vols.,
Lucknow).
Bibliography:
Mofti
Mahámud
¿AÚlem
Ha@æemi,
D¨ekr-e
jamil,
Lahore,
1968.
Eqba@l
Ahámad
Fa@ruqi,
Tadòkera-ye
¿olama@-ye
ahl-e
sonnat
wa
jama@¿at,
Lahore,
1987,
pp.
192-99.
Kanhayya@
La@l
Hendi,
Ta@rikò-e
La@hur,
ed.
Kalb-¿Ali
Khan
Fa@yeq,
Lahore,
1977.
Kesra@
Menha@s,
"Mowarrekòin-e
La@hur,"
Noquæ,
no.
92,
1962,
pp.
985-89.
GÚola@m
Sarvar
La@huri,
H®adiqat
al-awlia@÷,
ed.
Moháammad
Eqba@l
Mojaddedi,
Lahore,
1976.
Akòtar
Ra@hi,
Tadòkera-ye
¿olama@-ye
Panja@b
I,
Lahore,
1981,
pp.
459-63.
Storey,
I,
pp.
1043-44.
Z®ohur-al-Din
Ahámad,
Pa@kesta@n
min
fa@rsi
adab
V,
Lahore,
1990.
(Arif
Naushahi)
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